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rhetoris N M

  • 1 rhētor

        rhētor oris, m, ρ(ήτωρ, a teacher of oratory, rhetorician: rhetoris tanta merces: rhetorum artes: praecepta.—An orator, rhetorician, speechifier: stultitia rhetoris Attica, N.
    * * *
    teacher of public speaking, rhetorician

    Latin-English dictionary > rhētor

  • 2 dēfendō

        dēfendō dī, sus, ere,    to ward off, repel, avert, keep off: bellum, Cs.: ad defendendos ictūs, Cs.: solis ardores: frigus, H.: vim, Cs.: furorem, V.: crimen, to answer, L.: ignem a tectis, O.: solstitium pecori, V.: aestatem capellis, H.—To defend, guard, protect, cover: amicos, Cs.: se armis, Cs.: oppidum, Cs.: scribam apud praetores: illum de ambitu: scelus: communem salutem: vicem rhetoris, to sustain, H.: aedes Vestae vix defensa est (sc. ab incendio), preserved, L.: aper, quam Defendit palus, protected, V.: Defendens piscīs mare, H.: se suaque ab iis, Cs.: gladio se a multitudine, S.: provinciam a metu calamitatis: myrtos a frigore, V.: ab incendio lapis defendit, Cs.: sese adversus populum: auctoritatem contra omnīs: quae (navis) defenderet ne provincia spoliaretur: paucis defendentibus, Cs.: utrum moenibus defenderent, an, etc., make a stand at, N.—Of speech, to defend, support, maintain, insist, allege in defence: cum idem defenderet quod Accius: me id maxime defendisse, ut, etc., have chiefly striven for: id recte factum esse defendes?: eos omnīs liberos esse: quae cur non cadant in sapientem.— To refute, repel: crimen: noxiam, T.
    * * *
    defendere, defendi, defensus V TRANS
    defend/guard/protect, look after; act/speak/plead/write for defense; prosecute; repel, fend/ward off, avert/prevent; support/preserve/maintain; defend (right)

    Latin-English dictionary > dēfendō

  • 3 autem

    autem, conj. [v. aut init. ], on the other hand, but, yet, however, nevertheless; sometimes an emphasized and (it is never found at the beginning of a clause, but after one or more words; v. fin.; like at, it joins to a preceding thought a new one, either entirely antithetical or simply different; it differs from the restricting sed in like manner with at; v. at init., and cf.: [Popilius imperator tenebat provinciam;

    in cujus exercitu Catonis filius tiro militabat. Cum autem Popilio videretur unam dimittere legionem, Catonis quoque filium... dimisit. Sed cum amore pugnandi in exercitu permansisset, Cato ad Popilium scripsit, etc.],

    Cic. Off. 1, 11, 36 B. and K. (most freq. in philos. lang.; rare in the histt., being used by Caes. only 59 times, by Sall. 23, and by Tac. 31; and very rare in the poets).
    I.
    In joining an entirely antithetical thought, on the contrary, but = at quidem, at vero, se sê, esp. freq. with the pronouns ego, tu, ille, qui, etc.:

    Ait se obligāsse crus fractum Aesculapio, Apollini autem bracchium,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 3, 9:

    Nam injusta ab justis impetrari non decet, Justa autem ab injustis petere insipientiast,

    id. Am. prol. 35:

    ego hic cesso, quia ipse nihil scribo: lego autem libentissime,

    Cic. Fam. 16, 22; id. de Or. 1, 25, 115; Plaut. Men. 2, 1, 43: i sane cum illo, Phrygia;

    tu autem, Eleusium, Huc intro abi ad nos,

    id. Aul. 2, 5, 7; id. Capt. 2, 3, 4; id. Bacch. 4, 8, 58; id. Mil. 4, 4, 13; id. Ep. 5, 2, 7; Cic. Ac. 2, 19, 61:

    mihi ad enarrandum hoc argumentumst comitas, Si ad auscultandum vostra erit benignitas. Qui autem auscultare nolit, exsurgat foras,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 1, 3; so id. Ep. 2, 2, 95; id. Capt. 3, 4, 24:

    Quid tu aïs, Gnatho? Numquid habes quod contemnas? Quid tu autem, Thraso?

    Ter. Eun. 3, 2, 22: e principio oriuntur omnia;

    ipsum autem nullā ex re aliā nasci potest,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 23, 54.—
    II.
    In joining a thought that is simply different.
    A.
    In gen., on the other hand, but, moreover.
    a.
    Absol., as the Gr. se:

    Vehit hic clitellas, vehit hic autem alter senex,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 91:

    cum Speusippum, sororis filium, Plato philosophiae quasi heredem reliquisset, duo autem praestantissimos studio atque doctrinā, Xenocratem Chalcedonium et Aristotelem Stagiritem, etc.,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 4, 17; id. Off. 1, 5, 16:

    Alexandrum consultum, cui relinqueret regnum, voluisse optimum deligi, judicatum autem ab ipso optimum Perdiccam, cui anulum tradidisset,

    Curt. 10, 6, 16:

    Atque haec in moribus. De benevolentiā autem, quam etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 15, 46 sq.; 1, 23, 81: Sed poëtae quid quemque deceat ex personā judicabunt;

    nobis autem personam imposuit natura etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 28, 97; 1, 28, 98; 1, 43, 152: Quod semper movetur aeternum est;

    quod autem motum adfert alicui etc.,

    id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53; 1, 28, 68 sq.; 1, 30, 74; 1, 36, 87.—So sometimes when one conditional sentence is opposed to another, si—sin autem, in Gr. ei men— ei se:

    Nam si supremus ille dies non exstinctionem, sed commutationem adfert loci, quid optabilius? Sin autem etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 49, 117; 1, 49, 118 al.—In adducing an example of a rule:

    Et Demosthenes autem ad Aeschinem orationem in prooemio convertit, et M. Tullius etc.,

    Quint. 4, 1, 66 Spald.;

    also in passing from a particular to a general thought: Et sane plus habemus quam capimus. Insatiabilis autem avaritia est etc.,

    Curt. 8, 8, 12.—
    b.
    Preceded by quidem, as in Gr. men—se (perh. most freq. in Cicero's philosophical works, under the influence of Greek style): Et haec quidem hoc modo;

    nihil autem melius extremo,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 99:

    Sed nunc quidem valetudini tribuamus aliquid, cras autem etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 49, 119; id. Off. 1, 7, 24; and thus in Tac. several times, but only in Ann. and Or.: bene intellegit ceteros quidem iis niti... Marcellum autem et Crispum attulisse etc., Or. 8; 18 bis; 25; A. 3, 53; 3, 73;

    4, 28.—So often in transitions from one subject to another: Ac de inferendā quidem injuriā satis dictum est. Praetermittendae autem defensionis etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 8, 27 sq.; 1, 13, 41; 1, 45, 160.—So very often in Vulg. in direct reproduction of men—se: Ego quidem baptizo vos in aquā in paenitentiam; qui autem post me etc., Matt. 3, 11; 9, 37; 13, 23; 13, 32; 17, 11 sq.; 23, 28; 25, 33; 26, 24. —
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    In any kind of transition:

    M. Antonius in eo libro, quem unum reliquit, disertos ait se vidisse multos, eloquentem omnino neminem. Vir autem acerrimo ingenio (sic enim fuit) multa etc.,

    Cic. Or. 5, 18:

    hic (pater) prout ipse amabat litteras, omnibus doctrinis, quibus puerilis aetas impertiri debet, filium erudivit: erat autem in puero summa suavitas oris,

    Nep. Att. 1, 2;

    also in questions: Quid autem magno opere Oppianicum metuebat, etc.,

    Cic. Clu. 60, 167. Freq. several times repeated:

    Expetuntur autem divitiae cum ad usus vitae necessarios, tum ad perfruendas voluptates: in quibus autem major est animus, in iis pecuniae cupiditas spectat ad opes, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 8, 24 and 25; cf. Wopkens, Lectt. Tull. pp. 53 and 122: Orbis situm dicere adgredior... Dicam autem alias plura et exactius, Mel. prooem. 2.—
    2.
    In repeating a word from a previous clause, in continuing a train of thought:

    admoneri me satis est: admonebit autem nemo alius nisi rei publicae tempus,

    Cic. Pis. 38, 94: disces quam diu voles;

    tam diu autem velle debebis, quoad etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 1, 2:

    nunc quod agitur, agamus: agitur autem, liberine vivamus an mortem obeamus,

    id. Phil. 11, 10, 24. —So esp. in impassioned discourse, Plant. Mil. 3, 1, 84:

    humanum amare est, humanum autem ignoscere est,

    id. Merc. 2, 2, 48; id. Ps. 4, 8, 1:

    quot potiones mulsi! quot autem prandia!

    id. Stich. 1, 3, 68; id. Ep. 5, 2, 6:

    quā pulchritudine urbem, quibus autem opibus praeditam, servitute oppressam tenuit civitatem,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 20, 57.—
    3.
    Like sed, vero, igitur, etc., in resuming a train of thought interrupted by a parenthesis:

    Omnino illud honestum, quod ex animo excelso magnificoque quaerimus, animi efficitur non corporis viribus: exercendum tamen corpus et ita adficiendum est, ut oboedire consilio rationique possit in exsequendis negotiis et in labore tolerando: honestum autem id, quod exquirimus, totum est positum in animi curā, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 23, 79; 1, 43, 153.—
    4.
    In introducing a parenthetical clause itself: quae autem nos ut recta aut recte facta dicamus, si placet (illi autem appellant katorthômata) omnes numeros virtutis continent, Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 24:

    quod vitium effugere qui volet (omnes autem velle debent) adhibebit etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 6, 18; 1, 33, 120; id. Tusc. 1, 33, 80; 1, 36, 88:

    In primis foedera ac leges (erant autem eae duodecim tabuiae et quaedam regiae leges) conquiri etc.,

    Liv. 6, 1, 10; Curt. 4, 6, 2:

    ex hoc Quodcumque est (minus est autem quam rhetoris aera) Discipuli custos praemordet,

    Juv. 7, 217.—
    5.
    In enumerations, for the purpose of adding an important circumstance:

    magnus dicendi labor, magna res, magna dignitas, summa autem gratia,

    but, and indeed, Cic. Mur. 13, 29:

    animis omnes tenduntur insidiae... vel ab eā, quae penitus in omni sensu implicata insidet, imitatrix boni, voluptas, malorum autem mater omnium,

    yea, the parent of all evil, id. Leg. 1, 17, 47; id. N. D. 2, 22, 58:

    docet ratio mathematicorum, luna quantum absit a proxumā Mercurii stellā, multo autem longius a Veneris,

    id. Div. 2, 43, 91.—
    6.
    In the syllogism, to introduce the minor proposition (the assumptio or propositio minor; cf. atque, IV. 9., and atqui, II. D.), now, but; but now:

    Aut hoc, aut illud: hoc autem non, igitur illud. Itemque: aut hoc, aut illud: non autem hoc: illud igitur,

    Cic. Top. 14, 56:

    Si lucet, lucet: lucet autem, lucet igitur,

    id. Ac. 2, 30, 96:

    Si dicis te mentiri verumque dicis, mentiris: dicis autem te mentiri verumque dicis: mentiris igitur,

    id. ib.; id. Top. 2, 9; id. Tusc. 5, 16, 47.—
    7.
    Like the Gr. se or sê in adding an emphatic question (freq. in the comic poets), but, indeed.
    a.
    In gen.:

    Quem te autem deum nominem?

    Plaut. As. 3, 3, 126:

    Perii: quid hoc autemst mali?

    Ter. Eun. 5, 7, 5:

    Quī istuc? Quae res te sollicitat autem?

    id. Heaut. 2, 3, 10:

    Quae autem divina? Vigere, sapere, invenire, meminisse,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65: Quo modo autem moveri animus ad appetendum potest, si id, quod videtur, non percipitur? pôs sê, id. Ac. 2, 8, 25:

    Quo modo autem tibi placebit JOVEM LAPIDEM jurare, cum scias etc.,

    id. Fam. 7, 12, 2:

    Veni ad Caesarem: quis est autem Caesar?

    Flor. 3, 10, 11.—So in exclamations:

    Quantā delectatione autem adficerer, cum etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 41, 98.—
    b.
    In questions implying rebuke, reproach: Ba. Metuo credere. Ps. Credere autem? eho, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 70: Th. Ego non tangam meam? Ch. Tuam autem, furcifer? yours do you say? yours indeed! Ter. Eun. 4, 7, 28.—
    c.
    In a question where a correction is made: Num quis testis Postumum appellavit? testis autem? ( witness did I say?) num accusator? Cic. Rab. Post. 5, 10:

    Alio me vocat numerosa gloria tua: alio autem? quasi vero etc.,

    Plin. Pan. 28:

    Quid tandem isti mali in tam tenerā insulā non fecissent? non fecissent autem? imo quid ante adventum meum non fecerunt?

    Cic. Att. 6, 2; 5, 13; 7, 1: Adimas etiam Hispanias? Et si inde cessero, in Africam transcendes. Transcendes autem dico? Liv. 21, 44, 7 Weissenb.—
    8.
    And in questions sed autem are sometimes both used, especially by the comic poets, but indeed, but now, like the Gr. alla—se Alla pou se boulei kathezomenoi anagnômen; Plat. Phaedr. 228 E.):

    Sed autem quid si hanc hinc apstulerit quispiam Sacram urnam Veneris?

    Plaut. Rud. 2, 5, 15;

    and separated: Sed quid haec hic autem tam diu ante aedīs stetit?

    id. Truc. 2, 3, 14:

    Attat Phaedriae Pater venit. Sed quid pertimui autem, belua?

    Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 11: Sed quid ego haec autem nequiquam ingrata revolvo? * Verg. A. 2, 101.—Once ast autem: ast autem tenui [p. 212] quae candent lumine Phatnae, Cic. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1170 P. (IV. 2, p. 555 Orell.).—
    9.
    With interjections:

    Heia autem inimicos!

    Plaut. Am. 3, 2, 20:

    Ecce autem litigium,

    but lo! id. Men. 5, 2, 34; so id. Curc. 1, 2, 41; id. Most. 2, 1, 35; id. Mil. 2, 2, 48; id. Most. 3, 1, 131; 3, 1, 146:

    Ecce autem alterum,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 6 Ruhnk.:

    Ecce autem subitum divortium,

    Cic. Clu. 5, 14; so id. Verr. 2, 5, 34; id. Leg. 1, 2, 5; id. Rep. 1, 35, 55; id. Or. 9, 30:

    Ecce autem aliud minus dubium,

    Liv. 7, 35, 10:

    Eccere autem capite nutat,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 52; so id. Pers. 2, 4, 29:

    eccui autem non proditur [revertenti]?

    Cic. Mur. 33, 68.
    ► In good prose writers autem is usu.
    placed after the first word of a clause; but if several words, a subst. and prep., the verb esse with the predicate, a word with a negative, etc., together form one idea, then autem stands after the second or third word. But the poets, especially the comic poets, allow themselves greater liberty, and sometimes place this particle, without any necessity in the nature of the clause, in the third, fourth, or fifth place; but autem is never found in good writers at the beginning of a clause or sentence; cf. Quint. 1, 5, 39. See more upon this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 558-588.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > autem

  • 4 defendo

    dē-fendo, di, sum ( infin. pass. parag.: defendier, Verg. A. 8, 493: Juv. 15, 157.— Part. gen. plur. sync.:

    defendentum,

    Verg. A. 11, 886), 3, v. a. [arch.: FENDO; cf. Sanscr. han (ghan), to smite; Gr. theinô; hence, also offendo, infensus, infestus, mani-festus; cf. fustis], to fend or ward off any thing hostile or injurious; to repel, avert, keep off: propulsando arcere (for syn. cf.: tueor, tutor, servo, conservo. propugno, protego, vindico, caveo—freq. and class.); regularly constr. with acc. alone (so in Cic. and Caes.); very rarely aliquid (aliquem) ab aliquo, and in poets also aliquid alicui; cf. Zumpt. Gr. § 469.
    (α).
    Aliquid (aliquem):

    ut tu morbos calamitates intemperiasque prohibessis, defendas averruncesque,

    Cato R. R. 141, 2: serva cives, defende hostes, cum potes defendere, Enn. ap. Non. 277, 21; cf.

    bellum (opp. inferre),

    Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 13; 2, 29 fin.:

    ad defendendos ictus ac repellendos,

    id. B. C. 2, 9, 3; cf.:

    ignis jactus et lapides,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 4:

    frigus et solem,

    Cato R. R. 48, 2; cf.:

    nimios solis ardores,

    Cic. de Sen. 15, 53;

    and frigus,

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 14;

    also: sitim fonte et purā lymphā,

    to quench, Sil. 7, 170:

    qui non defendit injuriam neque propulsat,

    Cic. Off. 3, 18, 74; so,

    injuriam,

    id. Rosc. Am. 1:

    noxiam,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 48:

    imperatoris sui tribunorumque plebis injurias,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 7 fin.:

    vim suorum,

    id. ib. 3, 110, 4; cf.:

    vim illatam vi,

    Cic. Mil. 4:

    pericula,

    id. Mur. 3; Tac. A. 13, 56:

    hunc furorem,

    Verg. A. 10, 905:

    dedecus manu,

    Sil. 13, 99 et saep.:

    crimen,

    to answer, defend against an accusation, Liv. 42, 48, 2.—
    (β).
    With ab: (milites) a pinnis hostes defendebant facillime, Quadrig. ap. Gell. 9, 1, 1; cf. ib. 8:

    hostem a fossa,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 9:

    ignem a tectis,

    Ov. R. Am. 625.—
    (γ).
    Aliquid alicui (cf. arceo, no. II. d.):

    iniuriam foribus,

    Plaut. Most. 4, 2, 20:

    solstitium pecori,

    Verg. E. 7, 47; cf.:

    aestatem capellis,

    Hor. Od. 1, 17, 3; Prop. 1, 20, 11:

    tela misero,

    Sil. 17, 432:

    dedecus morti,

    id. 5, 490:

    senium famae,

    Stat. Th. 9, 318.—
    (δ).
    Absol., to put a stop (to a fire), to check the flames:

    nec quisquam defendere audebat, crebris minis restinguere prohibentium,

    Tac. A. 15, 38; cf.:

    urbem incendere, feris in populum immissis, quo difficilius defenderentur,

    Suet. Ner. 43.—
    II.
    Transf., like prohibere, with acc. of that from which any thing is warded off or averted, to defend, guard, protect, cover.
    A.
    In gen. (so most freq. in all perr. and species of composition), constr. with acc. alone; with acc. and ab aliquo (contra aliquid), or merely ab aliquo; and absol.
    (α).
    With simple acc.:

    Aeduos ceterosque amicos populi Rom.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 35 fin.:

    eos,

    id. ib. 2, 10, 4; id. B. C. 1, 6, 2:

    se armis,

    id. B. G. 6, 34:

    se manu,

    id. ib. 5, 7, 8;

    6, 40, 6 et saep.: castra,

    id. ib. 3, 3 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 67, 5; 3, 94, 6 (with tueri):

    oppidum,

    id. B. G. 3, 16, 3 et saep.:

    eum defendo, quem tu accusas,

    Cic. Sull. 17:

    aliquem apud praetores,

    id. Clu. 45, 126:

    aliquem de ambitu,

    id. Sull. 2, 6: cf.

    causam,

    id. Clu. 27, 74; id. Sull. 31, 86; id. Lael. 25, 96 et passim:

    d. ac tegere scelus,

    id. Sull. 31, 86; cf.

    with protegere,

    id. ib. 18, 50:

    justitiam,

    id. Lael. 7, 25:

    communem salutem,

    id. Rep. 1, 1; id. Mur. 2 fin. et saep.:

    locum,

    to preserve, maintain, id. Quint. 13, 43; cf.:

    vicem modo rhetoris atque poëtae,

    to sustain, Hor. S. 1, 10, 12:

    actorum partes,

    id. A. P. 194:

    aedes Vestae vix defensa est (sc. ab incendio),

    preserved, Liv. 26, 27.—
    (β).
    Aliquid (aliquem) ab aliquo:

    Aedui cum se suaque ab iis defendere non possent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 11, 2:

    se a finitimis,

    id. ib. 2, 31, 5; id. B. C. 1, 75, 3; Sall. C. 45, 4 et saep.:

    Galliam omnem ab Ariovisti injuria,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31 fin.; so,

    aliquem ab injuria,

    id. ib. 5, 20, 3; Sall. C. 35 fin.; cf. Caes. B. C. 1, 22, 5:

    se regnumque suum ab Romanorum avaritia,

    Sall. J. 49, 2:

    provinciam non modo a calamitate, sed etiam a metu calamitatis,

    Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 6, 14: Italiam a vastatione, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15 fin.:

    vitam ab inimicorum audacia telisque,

    Cic. Mil. 2 fin.:

    libertatis causam ab regio praesidio,

    Liv. 39, 24 et saep.:

    teneras myrtos a frigore,

    Verg. E. 7, 6:

    frondes ab acutae vulnere falcis, a pecoris morsu,

    Ov. M. 9, 384 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With ab aliquo:

    quod et ab incendio lapis et ab ariete materia defendit,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 23, 5; so id. B. C. 1, 25 fin.; 3, 63, 7.—
    (δ).
    Aliquem (aliquid) contra, or adversus aliquem:

    me scio a te contra iniquos meos solere defendi,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 27, 7:

    sese adversus populum Romanum defendere,

    id. Phil. 1, 6, 13:

    me adversus Abrupolim,

    Liv. 42, 41, 10; Just. 2, 4, 32; Suet. Caes. 71; Liv. 5, 35, 4:

    auctoritatem contra invidiam,

    Cic. Phil, 8, 4; 13, 11; id. Fam. 5, 2, 6; id. Sest. 67, 141; 23, 51; 52, 111; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45.—
    (ε).
    Absol.:

    filii qui et sentire et defendere possent,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 23, 64 fin.:

    cum jam defenderet nemo,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 6:

    defendentibus civibus Romanis,

    id. B. C. 3, 40, 6; cf. in the abl. absol., id. B. G. 2, 12, 3; id. B. C. 3, 68 fin.; Cic. Lael. 25, 96 et saep.:

    quibus eae partes ad defendendum obvenerunt,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 81 fin. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Of speech, to defend, support, maintain; to bring forward, allege in defence (so repeatedly in Cic.; elsewhere rare).
    (α).
    With acc.:

    (Carneades) nullam umquam in illis suis disputationibus rem defendit, quam non probarit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 38 fin.; cf. id. Fam. 4, 14:

    me id maxime defendisse, ut, etc.,

    have chiefly striven for, id. Rosc. Am. 47; id. Verr. 2, 3, 37; 2, 5, 58.—
    (β).
    With acc. and inf.:

    gravissimeque et verissime defenditur, numquam aequitatem ab utilitate posse sejungi, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 21, 71; id. Verr. 2, 3, 90 fin.; id. Tull. 13, 32:

    ille nihil ex his sponte susceptum sed principi paruisse defendebat,

    Tac. A. 13, 43:

    sed id solitum esse fieri defendebat,

    Gell. 10, 19; so with verb pass. and inf., Cic. Inv. 2, 32 init. —
    (γ).
    With a relative clause:

    (quae turpitudines) cur non cadant in sapientem, non est facile defendere,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 35, 117. —
    2.
    In the later jurid. Lat., to claim, vindicate, or prosecute at law:

    quia libertatem et hereditatem ex testamento sibi defendebat,

    Dig. 5, 3, 7:

    si patris mortem defendere necesse habuerit,

    i. e. legally to avenge his death, ib. 38, 2, 14, § 7; 48, 2, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > defendo

  • 5 fungor

    fungor, functus, fungi, v. dep. [kindred to Sanscr. bhuj-, frui], to busy one's self with or be engaged in something; to perform, execute, administer, discharge, observe, do (syn.: administro, defungor); constr. with abl., rarely with acc. or absol.
    I.
    In gen.
    (α).
    With abl.:

    valetudo (opportuna est), ut dolore careas et muneribus fungare corporis,

    Cic. Lael. 6, 22; cf.:

    populari munere,

    id. Rep. 3, 35:

    virtutis perfectae perfecto munere,

    id. Tusc. 1, 45, 109; so,

    munere,

    id. Rep. 1, 7; 5, 2; id. Off. 2, 16, 57; 2, 20, 70; id. Brut. 16, 63; id. Leg. 1, 3, 10; Caes. B. G. 7, 25, 3; Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5 al.; cf.:

    magnificentissimā aedilitate,

    Cic. Off. 2, 16, 57:

    consulatu,

    Suet. Caes. 23; id. Galb. 3:

    praeturā,

    id. Tib. 4; id. Claud. 24; 38; id. Gram. 7:

    quaesturā,

    id. Aug. 36:

    magisterio,

    id. Dom. 4:

    potius barbarorum quam illius more,

    to observe, Nep. Con. 3, 4:

    funguntur officio,

    perform, Cic. Cael. 9, 21:

    officio rhetoris,

    Quint. 2, 1, 6; Suet. Claud. 29; cf. Hor. S. 2, 6, 109: cum suam vicem functus officio sit, had filled his own place as husband, Liv. 1, 9, 15:

    legationibus,

    Quint. 3, 2, 4:

    militiā,

    Suet. Gram. 9:

    oppugnationibus et acie feliciter,

    Vell. 2, 95, 2: sacris, Hor. A. P. 224:

    laboribus,

    id. C. 2, 18, 38; cf.

    periculis,

    Just. 7, 4:

    dapibus,

    to have done with the food, Ov. F. 2, 791:

    caede,

    to murder, id. H. 14, 19:

    morte,

    to die, id. M. 11, 583; Vell. 2, 49, 1;

    for which also: fato,

    Ov. M. 11, 559; Quint. 3, 7, 10; Suet. Calig. 6; Val. Max. 1, 8, 5 ext.:

    vitā,

    Gell. 20, 2, 3; Lact. 2, 1, 1; Dig. 48, 5, 11 fin.; 49, 17, 14:

    voto,

    to pay a vow, Just. 9, 2:

    fungar vice cotis,

    to serve instead of, Hor. A. P. 304:

    indicis partibus,

    Plin. Ep. 3, 5, 2:

    ter aevo functus senex (Nestor),

    who had lived through, enjoyed, Hor. C. 2, 9, 13; cf.:

    functo longissima statione mortali,

    Vell. 2, 131, 2:

    virtute functi duces,

    who have shown, exhibited, Hor. C. 4, 15, 29; cf.:

    omni virtute functa (femina),

    Quint. 6 praef. §

    5.—Of things: possunt aliquando oculi non fungi suo munere,

    Cic. Div. 1, 32, 71:

    aliquae (vocales) officio consonantium fungantur,

    Quint. 1, 4, 10:

    levissima quaeque (quaestio) primo loco fungitur,

    id. 3, 6, 8 Spald. N. cr.:

    res eadem perorationis vice fungitur,

    id. 4, 3, 11; cf. id. 4, 1, 75.—
    (β).
    With acc. (so always in Plaut. and Ter. except officiis, Ter. Ad. 4, 3, 12; but in class. prose only once in Nep.; v. infra): ingentia munera fungi, Lucil. ap. Non. 497, 12:

    munus,

    id. ib. 10; Plaut. Men. 1, 4, 5; id. Trin. prol. 1; 2, 2, 73:

    militare munus fungens,

    Nep. Dat. 1, 2 al.: officium, Pac. ap. Non. 497, 16 (Trag. Rel. v. 129 Rib.); Titin. ib. 6 (Com. Rel. v 48 ib.); Turp. ib. 13; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 14; 3, 3, 19; id. Ad. 3, 4, 18; id. Phorm. 2, 1, 51:

    sine me alliatum fungi fortunas meas,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 45:

    Mago diem fungitur relictis duobus filiis,

    i. e. dies, Just. 19, 1, 1:

    mala multa animus contagibu' fungitur ejus,

    i. e. suffers, Lucr. 3, 734.—
    (γ).
    In gerundive, as v.a.:

    muneris fungendi gratia,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17; cf. Hirt. B. G. 8, 12, 3; Cic. Att. 1, 1, 2:

    ad suum munus fungendum,

    id. Tusc. 3, 7, 15:

    per speciem alienae fungendae vicis,

    Liv. 1, 41, 6:

    spes facta militiae fungendae potioribus ducibus,

    id. 24, 21, 3.—
    (δ).
    Absol. (very rare):

    at facere et fungi sine corpore nulla potest res,

    i. e. to suffer, Lucr. 1, 443 sq.;

    so 3, 168: pro fultura et substructione fungentur fundamenta,

    will serve, Col. 1, 5, 9: nec livida tabes Invidiae functis quamquam et jam lumine cassis Defuit, i. e. to the dead, =defunctis, Stat. Th. 2, 15; cf.:

    omnia functa Aut moritura vides,

    id. S. 2, 1, 209; id. Th. 4, 483; 511; Albin. 1,393; Aus. Ep.33.
    II.
    In partic., to perform, discharge, contribute, pay any thing due from one:

    hoc vobis est statuendum, quid aratorem ipsum arationis nomine muneris in re publica fungi ac sustinere velitis,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 86, § 199:

    per omnes annos atque omnia bella duplici numero se militum equitumque fungi,

    Vell. 2, 15, 3:

    cum eo sumptu res publica fungatur,

    Tac. A. 14, 21:

    qui fenus exercent, omnibus patrimonii intributionibus fungi debent, etsi possessionem non habeant,

    Dig. 50, 1, 22 fin.
    ► In pass.
    signif. (post-class. and very rare):

    pretia rerum non ex affectione, nec utilitate singulorum, sed communiter fungi,

    are not taken, Dig. 9, 2, 33:

    dos, quae semel functa est, amplius fungi non potest,

    Ulp. Fragm. 6, 11.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > fungor

  • 6 officina

    offĭcīna, ae, f. [contr. from opificina, from opifex; the uncontracted prim. form, opĭfĭcīna, is still found in Plaut. Mil. 3, 3, 7, and Jul. Val. Res Gest. Alex. M. 3, 83 fin. Mai], a workshop, manufactory (class.; cf. fabrica).
    I.
    Lit.:

    nec enim quicquam ingenuum potest habere officina,

    Cic. Off. 1, 42, 150:

    instituit officinam Syracusis in regiā maximam,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 24, § 54:

    armorum,

    a manufactory of arms, Caes. B. C. 1, 34; Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13; Nep. Ages. 3, 2;

    for which, ferraria, Auct. B. Afr. 20: aerariorum,

    Plin. 16, 6, 8, § 23:

    fullonum,

    id. 35, 11, 40, § 143:

    pictoris,

    id. ib.:

    plastarum,

    id. 35, 12, 45, § 155:

    tingentium,

    id. 9, 38, 62, § 133:

    tonstrinarum,

    id. 36, 22, 47, § 165 al.:

    promercalium vestium,

    a shop in which garments are made for sale, Suet. Gram. 23:

    cetariorum,

    a place where fish are salted, Col. 8, 17:

    officina monetae,

    Liv. 6, 20:

    dum graves Cyclopum Volcanus ardens urit officinas,

    Hor. C. 1, 4, 8.—
    2.
    In partic., in econom. lang. = ornithon, a place where fowls are kept, in order to lay their eggs and hatch their young, a poultry-house or yard, Col. 8, 3, 4.—
    B.
    Transf., a making, formation:

    in magnis corporibus facilis officina sequaci materia fuit,

    Plin. 11, 2, 1, § 2.—
    II.
    Trop., a workshop, manufactory, laboratory:

    mathematici, poëtae, musici, medici denique ex hac tamquam omnium artium officinā profecti sunt,

    Cic. Fin. 5, 3, 7:

    falsorum commentariorum, et chirographorum officina,

    id. Phil. 2, 14, 35:

    nequitiae,

    id. Rosc. Am. 46, 134:

    dicendi,

    id. Brut. 8, 32:

    sapientiae,

    id. Leg. 1, 13, 36:

    spirandi pulmo,

    Plin. 11, 37, 72, § 188:

    rhetoris,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 13, 57:

    ex rhetorum officinis,

    id. Or. 3, 12:

    domus ejus officina eloquentiae habita est,

    id. ib. 13, 40:

    corruptelarum omnis generis,

    Liv. 39, 11, 6; cf.

    39, 8, 7: crudelitatis,

    Val. Max. 3, 1, 2:

    humanarum calamitatium,

    Sen. Contr. 5, 33, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > officina

  • 7 rhetor

    rhētor, ŏris, m., = rhêtôr, a teacher of oratory or rhetoric, a rhetorician:

    eos, qui rhetores nominarentur et qui dicendi praecepta traderent, nihil plane tenere,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 18, 84; cf. Quint. 2, 2, 1: in rhetorum [p. 1593] scholis, id. 10, 5, 14; 12, 2, 23:

    rhetorum artes,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1:

    rhetorum epilogus,

    id. Tusc. 1, 47, 112; 2, 3, 9:

    (pueri) priusquam tradantur rhetori,

    Quint. 1, 10, 1; Mart. 2, 64, 1; Tac. Dial. 30 and 35; Macr. S. 5, 2, 1.—
    * II.
    After the Greek manner, an orator; but with contempt, a rhetorician, speechifier, etc.:

    stultitia rhetoris Attica,

    Nep. Epam. 6, 3; cf. with § 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > rhetor

  • 8 transeo

    trans-ĕo, īvi or ĭi, ĭtum, īre ( perf. -ivit, Sen. Ben. 1, 13, 3; fut. -iet, Tib. 1, 4, 27; Sen. Q. N. 3, 10, 4; Lact. 4, 18, 3), v. n. and a., to go over or across, to cross over, pass over, pass by, pass (syn. transgredior).
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.
    (α).
    Neutr.:

    ego ad vos eum jussero transire,

    Plaut. Ep. 5, 1, 51:

    per hortum ad amicam,

    id. Stich. 3, 1, 36:

    ad uxorem,

    id. Caecin. 3, 4, 24; Ter. Phorm. 4, 5, 7: ad te, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 7, 1:

    ad forum,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 7 (8), 28:

    ne Germani e suis finibus in Helvetiorum fines transirent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 28:

    in agrum Noricum,

    id. ib. 1, 5:

    in Britanniam,

    id. ib. 4, 30:

    per eorum corpora transire conantes repulerunt,

    id. ib. 2, 10:

    per media castra,

    Sall. J. 107, 5:

    per illud (iter, i. e. vocis) Murmure blanditiae minimo transire solebant,

    Ov. M. 4, 70: obsides ut inter sese dent, perficit;

    Helvetii, ut sine maleficio et injuriā transeant,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 9; Liv. 10, 46, 3:

    Mosa in Rhenum transit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 10:

    caseum per cribrum facito transeat in mortarium,

    Cato, R. R. 76, 3:

    odor foliorum transit in vestes,

    Plin. 12, 3, 7, § 15:

    ficus ad nos ex aliis transire gentibus,

    id. 15, 18, 19, § 69. —
    (β).
    Act.:

    campos pedibus transire videmur,

    Lucr. 4, 459:

    Taurum,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5:

    Taurus transiri non potest,

    id. Att. 5, 21, 14:

    Apenninum,

    id. Fam. 11, 10, 4; Liv. 5, 33, 2; 5, 33, 4 sq.; 21, 38, 6; 26, 12, 14;

    21, 58, 3: paulatim Germanos consuescere Rhenum transire,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 33:

    flumen,

    id. ib. 1, 12;

    1, 13: Euphratem,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 22, 75:

    maria,

    id. Or. 42, 146; id. Pis. 24, 57; Hor. A. P. 345:

    paludem,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 10:

    forum,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 59:

    equum cursu,

    to pass by, Verg. A. 11, 719:

    omnes mensas transiit,

    Plaut. Curc. 5, 3, 4:

    quem (serpentem) rota transiit,

    ran over, Verg. A. 5, 274:

    anulis medios articulos (digitorum) non transeuntibus,

    Quint. 11, 3, 142:

    Domitii filius transiit Formias,

    passed through Formiæ, Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1.—In pass.:

    Rhodanus nonnullis locis vado transitur,

    is crossed by a ford, is fordable, Caes. B. G. 1, 6; cf.:

    flumen uno omnino loco pedibus transiri potest,

    id. ib. 5, 18; 2, 10; 7, 55; Hirt. B. G. 8, 27; Liv. 21, 43, 4; Plin. 29, 4, 27, § 89:

    totus transibitur orbis,

    Manil. 4, 398.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To go over to a party or side (cf. transfugio):

    ne deserat me atque ad hostes transeat,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 3, 10:

    ad adversarios transeas?

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 15, § 40:

    ad Pompeium transierunt,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 60:

    transit cohors ad eum,

    id. ib. 1, 60:

    a Patribus ad plebem,

    Liv. 4, 16, 3:

    cum iis pugnare ad quos transierant,

    Nep. Dat. 6, 6:

    ad Q. Sextii philosophi sectam,

    Suet. Gram. 18. — Absol.:

    nec manere nec transire aperte ausus,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5:

    ut nulla ante Britanniae nova pars illacessita transierit,

    Tac. Agr. 20.—
    2.
    To go or pass over into any thing by transformation, to be changed or transformed into a thing ( poet. and in postAug. prose):

    ille in humum saxumque undamque trabemque fallaciter transit,

    Ov. M. 11, 643:

    in plures figuras,

    id. ib. 8, 730:

    humana in corpora,

    id. ib. 15, 167:

    in aestatem post ver,

    id. ib. 15, 206:

    aqua mulsa longā vetustate transit in vinum,

    Plin. 22, 24, 52, § 112; 9, 41, 65, § 139; 25, 9, 57, § 103; 37, 6, 23, § 87.—
    3.
    Of food. to pass through, pass off:

    cibi qui difficillime transeant sumpti,

    Varr. R. R. 2, 11, 3; so,

    cibi,

    Plin. 11, 37, 79, § 202:

    vinum tenue per urinam,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 39.—
    4.
    To pierce, transfix (very rare):

    ilia cornipedis surrectā cuspide transit,

    Sil. 10, 253.—
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    Neutr. (very rare):

    quod quaedam animalis intellegentia per omnia ea permanet et transeat,

    runs through, pervades, Cic. Ac. 2, 37, 119:

    utinam ista saevitia inter peregrina exempla mansisset, nec in Romanos mores transisset,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 18, 1.— Impers. pass.:

    cujus (ordinis) similitudine perspectā in formarum specie ac dignitate transitum est et ad honestatem dictorum atque factorum,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 14, 47.— More freq.,
    2.
    Act.:

    ii sine dubio finem et modum transeunt,

    go beyond, overstep, transgress, Cic. Off. 1, 29, 102; so,

    modum,

    id. Tusc. 4, 17, 40:

    finem aequitatis et legis in judicando,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 95, § 220:

    fines verecundiae,

    id. Fam. 5, 12, 3:

    aliquid silentio,

    to pass over, pass by, id. Att. 2, 19, 3; Quint. 2, 3, 1; 5, 12, 23;

    nil transit amantes,

    i. e. escapes, Stat. Th. 2, 335; so, ita compositi sumus ut nos cottidiana, etiamsi admiratione digna sunt, transeant, Sen. Q. N. 7, 1, 1.—
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    To go or pass over to another opinion:

    in sententiam alicujus,

    Liv. 34, 34, 1:

    senatus frequens in alia omnia transiit,

    Hirt. B. G. 8, 53: transierunt illuc, ut ratio esset ejus habenda, qui neque exercitum neque provincias traderet, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 13, 2.—
    2.
    To pass over, be changed into any thing:

    quomodo quire et ruere vel in praeterita patiendi modo, vel in participia transibunt?

    Quint. 1, 6, 26:

    in eam (vocalem sequentem) transire possit (M),

    id. 9, 4, 40; 1, 4, 29:

    frequens imitatio transit in mores,

    id. 1, 11, 3:

    jactantur cuncta et in contrarium transeunt jubente fortunā,

    Sen. Ep. 99, 9:

    in vinum transire,

    Plin. 22, 24, 52, § 112; Sen. Ep. 114, 24; 84, 6; 85, 15.—
    3.
    To overpass, surpass, excel:

    qui hoc agit, ut prior sit, forsitan, etiamsi non transierit, aequabit,

    Quint. 10, 2, 10:

    verum ut transeundi spes non sit, magna tamen est dignitas subsequendi,

    id. 12, 11, 28:

    Pompeium transire paras,

    Luc. 2, 565:

    monumenta transibit nostra juventus,

    id. 4, 499.—
    4.
    In speaking.
    a.
    To pass over to another subject:

    ad partitionem transeamus,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 21, 30:

    ad alias (quaestiones),

    Quint. 7, 1, 18:

    hinc ad rationem sermonis conjuncti,

    id. 8, 3, 40:

    protinus ad dispositionem,

    id. 6, 5, 1:

    ad responsum partis alterius,

    id. 7, 1, 6:

    ad rhetoris officia (proximus liber),

    id. 1, 12, 19:

    consumptis precibus violentam transit in iram,

    Ov. M. 8, 106:

    inde in syllabas cura transibit,

    Quint. 1, 4, 17.— Impers. pass.:

    seminarii curam ante convenit dici, quam transeatur ad alia genera,

    Plin. 17, 10, 13, § 68:

    transeatur ad alteram contionem,

    Liv. 45, 37, 11. —
    b.
    To go quickly or briefly through a subject (syn. transcurro):

    sed in animo est leviter transire ac tantummodo perstringere unamquamque rem,

    to touch lightly upon, Cic. Rosc. Am. 32, 91:

    sperare et ea quae premant et ea quae inpendeant me facile transiturum,

    id. Fam. 9, 1, 2:

    eos (libros) omnes duabus proximis noctibus cursim transeo,

    Gell. 9, 4, 5:

    brevi auditu quamvis magna transibat,

    Tac. H. 2, 59.—
    c.
    To pass over, pass by, leave untouched (so freq. first in post-Aug. prose;

    syn. praetermitto): malueram, quod erat susceptum ab illis, silentio transiri,

    Cic. Att. 2, 19, 3: ex quo tu quae digna sunt, selige, multa transi, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 11, 4:

    ut alii transeunt quaedam imputantque quod transeant: sic ego nihil praetereo, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 21, 4:

    Neronem enim transeo,

    id. ib. 5, 3, 6; so,

    Protagoran transeo,

    Quint. 3, 4, 10; cf. id. 10, 1, 57; 12, 1, 22; 12, 10, 22:

    sed hoc transeo,

    id. 12, 2, 4:

    ut ne id quidem transeam,

    id. 11, 3, 131:

    transeamus id quoque, quod, etc.,

    id. 1, 10, 17:

    ut transeam, quemadmodum vulgo imperiti loquantur,

    id. 1, 6, 45:

    lacrimas alicujus,

    Stat. S. 5 praef. —In pass.:

    nec a nobis neglegenter locus iste transibitur,

    Quint. 2, 4, 17:

    illa quoque minora non sunt transeunda,

    id. 10, 3, 31; 10, 2, 3:

    levia haec et transeunda,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 6, 5:

    transita signa,

    Manil. 2, 486.—
    5.
    Of time, to pass by, elapse.
    a.
    Neutr.:

    cum legis dies transierit,

    Cic. Att. 7, 7, 6:

    dies hibernorum complures,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 2:

    multi jam menses,

    id. B. C. 3, 25:

    quinquennium,

    Dig. 7, 1, 37: tran et aetas;

    Quam cito!

    Tib. 1, 4, 27:

    menses transeunt,

    Phaedr. 5, 7, 11. —
    b.
    Act., to pass, spend:

    ne vitam silentio transeant,

    pass through, spend, Sall. C. 1, 1; so,

    vitam,

    id. ib. 2, 8 Kritz N. cr.:

    ipsum tribunatūs annum quiete et otio,

    Tac. Agr. 6 fin.:

    hiemem (securi),

    Sen. Ep. 90, 15:

    spatium juventae,

    to pass beyond, Ov. M. 15, 226.—
    6.
    To pass away, cease:

    precarium seni imperium et brevi transiturum,

    Tac. H. 1, 52 fin.:

    fortuna imperii transit,

    id. ib. 3, 49:

    mutatam auctoritatem (unguenti) et saepius transisse gloriam,

    Plin. 13, 1, 2, § 4:

    quidquid irarum fuit, transierit,

    Sen. Thyest. 398:

    caelum et terra,

    Vulg. Matt. 5, 18; id. 2 Pet. 3, 10; id. 1 Joan. 2, 17.—Hence, transĕunter, adv. (acc. to transeo, II. B. 4. b.), in passing, cursorily (late Lat.):

    commemorata quaestio, Aug. Civ. Dei, 15, 23: discussā indiciorum fide,

    Amm. 28, 1, 14.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > transeo

  • 9 tribuo

    trĭbŭo, ŭi, ūtum, 3, v. a. [tribus], to assign, impart, allot, bestow, give, etc. (syn.: do, dono, largior).
    I.
    Lit.:

    ut ei plurimum tribuamus, a quo plurimum deligimur,

    Cic. Off. 1, 15, 47:

    in tribuendo suum cuique,

    id. ib. 1, 5, 14:

    si uni omnia tribuenda sint,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52:

    praemia alicui,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 4; 2, 21; Hirt. B. G. 8, 46:

    cujus sceleribus tanta praemia tribuistis,

    Sall. H. 1, 18, 4 Dietsch:

    dona nulli,

    Ov. M. 9, 402; Phaedr. 1, 5, 8:

    beneficia,

    Nep. Att. 11, 5:

    pretium aedium Aurelio,

    Tac. A. 1, 75:

    pecunias ex modo detrimenti,

    to deal out, allot, id. ib. 4, 64. —
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to grant, give, show, pay, render:

    misericordiam fortissimo viro,

    Cic. Mil. 34, 92; so,

    veniam alicui,

    Tac. A. 12, 40:

    inventoribus gratiam,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 5, 13:

    silentium orationi alicujus,

    id. Cael. 12, 29:

    quod tantum dignitatis civitati Aeduae tribuerat,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 7; cf.:

    sibi honorem,

    id. ib. 7, 20:

    mulieri honorem,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 44:

    tibi turis honorem,

    Ov. M. 14, 128:

    vocabula monti,

    id. ib. 14, 621:

    salutem mihi,

    id. H. 15 (16), 2:

    parem voluntatem paribus beneficiis,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    pacem terris,

    Ov. Tr. 3, 1, 44; Luc. 4, 358 et saep. —
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Pregn., to grant, yield, give up, concede, allow something to a person or thing (syn. concedo):

    si sit quispiam, qui aliquid tribuat voluptati,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 106:

    valetudini aliquid,

    id. Tusc. 1, 49, 119:

    observantiam officio, non timori neque spei,

    Nep. Att. 6, 5:

    hoc matris precibus,

    Ov. A. A. 1, 689:

    aliquid rei publicae et amicitiae,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 1: ego tantum tibi tribuo, quantum mihi fortasse arrogo, I yield or concede as much to you, have as high an opinion of you, Cic. Fam. 4, 1, 2:

    cum senatus impediretur quo minus, id quod hostibus semper erat tributum, responsum equitibus Romanis redderetur,

    id. Planc. 14, 34; cf.:

    gratissimum mihi feceris, si huic commendationi meae tantum tribueris quantum cui tribuisti plurimum,

    id. ib. 13, 22, 2; and:

    nusquam tantum tribuitur aetati (quam Lacedaemone),

    id. Sen. 18, 63:

    mihi tribuebat omnia,

    gave me the preference in all things, deferred in every thing to me, id. Brut. 51, 190.— Absol.:

    cum universo ordini publicanorum semper libentissime tribuerim,

    Cic. Fam. 13, 9, 2:

    quos ne nominatim tradam, majoribus eorum tribuendum puto,

    Tac. A. 14, 14 fin.:

    tribus in generibus rerum versari rhetoris officium... demonstrativum est, quod tribuitur in alicujus certae personae laudem aut vituperationem,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 5, 7. —
    2.
    To ascribe, assign, attribute a thing to a person or thing as the cause:

    aliquid virtuti hostium,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 53:

    aliquid juri potius quam suae culpae,

    id. B. C. 3, 73:

    id tribuite vestrae culpae,

    Auct. Her. 4, 36, 48:

    aliquid ignaviae,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 16, 3:

    miseriae nostrae potius quam inconstantiae tribuere quod, etc.,

    id. Att. 3, 4 init. —
    3.
    To set store by, with magnopere, multum, etc., to make much of:

    quibus ille secundum fratrem plurimum tribuebat,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 4, 12:

    ne ob eam rem suae magnopere virtuti tribueret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 13.—
    4.
    To divide, distribute (syn. dispertio):

    rem universam in partes,

    Cic. Brut. 41, 152; id. Or. 4, 16:

    secundus (locus) in tempora tribuitur,

    id. Inv. 1, 55, 107:

    omnem vim loquendi in duas partes,

    id. Fin. 2, 6, 17.—
    5.
    Of time, to bestow or spend upon, devote to a thing:

    comitiis omnibus perficiundis XI. dies tribuit,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 2:

    his rebus tantum temporis tribuit,

    id. ib. 3, 78:

    reliqua tempora litteris,

    Nep. Att. 4, 3; id. Hann. 13, 2.—Hence, trĭbūtum, i, n., a stated payment, a contribution, tribute.
    A.
    Lit. (class.):

    in capita singula servorum et liberorum tributum imponebatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 32:

    a se intolerabilia tributa exigi,

    Cic. Fam. 3, 7, 3:

    omnes Siculi ex censu quotannis tributa conferunt,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 53, § 131:

    tributa pendere,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 14:

    ceram in tributa praestare,

    Plin. 21, 13, 45, § 77:

    civitates tributis liberare,

    Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 2:

    tributo populo indicto,

    Liv. 4, 60, 4:

    imperare,

    id. 23, 31, 1; 23, 48, 8; Tac. A. 2, 47; 4, 71; id. G. 43; Mart. 7, 54, 8; Val. Max. 4, 3, 8; 8, 3, 3.—In the ante-class. collat. form trĭbūtus, i, m.: cum tributus exigeretur, Cato ap. Non. 229, 11:

    tributus cum imperatus est,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 43 sq. —
    B.
    Transf.
    1.
    A contribution made for any private purpose (jurid. Lat.), Dig. 14, 2, 2; 14, 2, 4; 14, 4, 5.—
    2.
    A gift, present ( poet.):

    Saturnalicium,

    Mart. 10, 17, 1:

    praestare tributa clientes cogimur,

    Juv. 3, 188; Stat. S. 1, 4, 86.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > tribuo

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